Automatic telegraph system



Juy w, H923. 3,461,545

G. R. BENJAMIN AUTOMAT I C TELEGRAPH S Y-S TEM Filed NOV. 4, 1916 2 Sheets-Sheet l [VEN TOR.

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July M), 1923. EASLGS G. R. BENJAMIN AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Nov. 4, 1916 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. yi/wy,

Patented einigt ll, i923.

GEORGE E... BENJMIN, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW J EY, ASSIGNOR T0 THE WESTERN UNION TEGRH COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPH SYS.

Application led November It, 1916. Serial No. 129,421.

To all whom z't may cofnoevm:

Be it lrnown that l, Geenen R. BEN- JAMIN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Jersey City, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Automatic Telegraph Systems, of which the following is a specifica,- tion.

My invention relates to improvements'in automatic telegraph systems, and comprises means whereby receiving apparatus may be operated in an extension loop from one terminal of an automatic telegraph system, and whereby transmitting apparatus may operate through an extension loop into one terminal of an automatic telegraph apparatus. My invention also comprises various other features as hereinafter pointed out.

Synchronous telegraph systems, wherein transmitting and receiving distributers or commutatore at two ends of a line, operate in synchronism, are well known; certain of which systems, for example, the well known Baudot system, and its modifications and adaptations, provide a plurality of simultaneous channels of communication in each direction. lt is sometimes desirable to operate one or more extensions from such synchronously operating apparatus. For example, supposin there be a line between New York and hicago with synchronously operated telegraph transmitting and receiving apparatus in both such cities` it may be desirable to operate automatically one or more loops extending from the main otlice in one or both such cities` to a branch oce or subscribers station; and it is often desirable at such branch oce or subscribers station, both to receive messages transmitted through the synchronous apparatus at the main station, and to trausmit from such branchstation or subscribers station into the synchronous apparatus at the main station. Oftentimes it isdesirable to transmit and receive, directly and automatically, between a branch station in the one such city and a branch station in the other such city, through the synchronously operated transmitting and receiving apparatus at the two cities mentioned, andl through the line wire connecting such cities. Such operation is termed extended loop operation. For use at such branch or subscribers stations of the extension loop,

synchronous apparatus of the type employed at the main stations is not convenient for various reasons, one of which is that the loop apparatus may be in operation intermittently only, and to put itfinto operation it must be brought into` synchronism with the main olice apparatus from which it is to receive, or into which it is to transmit; and this synchronizing takes some little time. Another reasonl is, that while little difliculty has been experienced in keeping two apparatus on the line in synchronism, much more difliculty would be experienced in keeping all of three or four apparatus in synchronism.

There is a type of automatic telegraph apparatus wherein both the transmitter and the receiver start operation at the beginningr of transmission of a character, and come to rest at the end of the transmission of a character, restarting for the transmission of the next character, and so on; the interval of time required for the transmission of any one character being so short that, without the use of special synchronizing devices, the transmitting and receiving apparatus, if properly regulated, will not get out of step during the transmission of any one character; and since the transmitting and receiving apparatus start afresh for the transmission of each character, in practice they remain in step continuously. One system using such apparatus is what is known as the Cardwell system, involving step-by-step transmitting and receiving translators, which translators start operation afresh at the beginning of transmission of each character, and stop at the end of the transmission of such character, starting afresh for the transmission of a new character. rlhese Cardwell transmitting and receiving translators are in public use, and are, therefore, known apparatus; also, other transmitting and receiving apparatus of the restarting type are known.

l have found that automatic telegraph apparatus of the type which starts afresh for the transmission of each character. and stops at the end ofthe transmission of each character, is particularly adaptable for eX- tended loop operation of the type referred togabove. For distinction, l will term the main synchronously operating telegraph apparatus continuously operating synchronous apparatus, and will term the extension loop apparatus, which starts afresh for the transmission of each character, and ceases operation at the end of the transmission of such character, restarting apparatus, the said Cardwell apparatus being one example of such restarting apparatus. Such restarting apparatus commonly requires a specialstarting pulse to start itin operation for the transmission of'each character, and in the system herein described the continuously operating synchronous apparatus not only repeats into the restarting ap aratus, (or, alternatively, or simultaneous y, the restarting apparatus repeats into the continuously operating nchronous. apparatus), but such continuously operating synchronous apparatus rovides the starting -pulses required for t e operation of such restarting apparatus.

The object of my invention is to facilitate'z and make entirely automatic, the operatlon 'of transmitting and receiving apparatus operating through circuit means eX- tending from or to continuously operating synchronous apparatus, particularly multichannel apparatus of the general Baudot type; and to accomplish this object by rela-k tively simple and reliablemeans.

I will now roceed to describe my invention with re erence to the accompanying drawings, and will then vpoint out the novell features in claims.

In said drawin s:

v Fi res la an 1", together constituting one gurc, show diagrammatically., a main receiving and transmitting distributer of the generall Baudot type, located at one end ofl a line conductor, that is to say, located at a main station, together with an extension circuit conductor and transmitting and receiving ap aratus adapted to receive automatically rom and to transmit automatically into, the said main distributer, a single conductor only being employed for transmission from or into such main distributer. Figure l*1 shows the apparatus at the main station, and Figure 11 the apparatus at the branch or subscribers station.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary diagram illustrating theuse of two conductors for transmission from and into such main distributer, in lieu of the duplex arrangement, illustrated in Figures 1 and 1b kand requiring only one such conductor.

ln the drawings D2 designates a combined transmitting andreceiving distrihuter of the general Baudot type, and, particularly, of the type illustrated and described in the patent to G. M.Yorke and myself No. 1,298,622, dated March 25. 1919, and comprising alternate plain and segmented com- 'mutator rings arranged in pairs, each such pair being rovided with connecting brushes, BB1,

R2, etc., which |brushes, in

mene-15 the apparatus as actually c onstructed, ro tate along' the faces of said commutator rings. These rings are shown developed" in the drawing. Certain of the rings have functions into which it is not necessary to go in the present description. For the present it suffices to say that'rings RG1 and S1 are receivin rings; that a main receiving polar relay repeats, from a line L through a conductor Z lnto ring RG1, signals received from a main line L, and that such signals are transmitted, throu h brushes BB1, into the segments of ring 1. The segments of this ring S1 are divided into four groups of five segments each, and each segment of one such group is connected electrically to the magnet coil of a corresponding relay of a group of relays R1- .5 inclusive, and thence to a source of current supply, indicated by a sign. (I have not illustrated circuits for the other groups of segments of ring S1, as these other segments pertain to other channels of communication). These relays are self-locking, that is to say, the magnet of each relay, when energized, attracts the two armatures with which it is provided, one of which armatures, designated by characterl r1 or r2, etc., closes a local circuit from a source 14 through the back contact and armature ra: of the relay Rm and conductor 2 and the armature r1, r2 etc., as the case may be, and the magnet coil of the corresponding relay R1, R2, etc., as the case may be,to return. The magnets of relays R1, R2, etc., so energized from the source 1, remain energized until the rear contact of relay Re is broken by means hereinafter described. When the magnet of such relay R1,

R2, etc., is energized as above described, circuit is completed from a source 3 through the second armature. ra, rb, etc., as the case may be, of such relay to a corresponding one of a series of contacts t1, t2, etc., of a translator T1. This translator T1 may be understood to be a Cardwell transmitting translator, which as previously stated, is a known instrument. I illustrate this translator diagrammatically only, and without attempt at even diagrammatic illustration of the actual details of construction; the illustration being, however, of such nature that the general plan and method of operationv of the instrument will be apparent, in connection with the following description, to those skilled in automatic telegraphy, even without acquaintance with the said' Cardwell transmitting translator'.

The said transmitting translator T1 comprises a cam -shaft T1a., having a series of cams thereon. as hereinafter described; a ratchet wheel T15 on said shaft T1a, a ratchet magnet T10, an armature therefor T1d, and double-pawl ratchet mechanism T1@ driven thereby. and arranged to advance ratchet wheel T16 one step on each instroke, and another step on each outstroke, of the armature T1d. The `cam shaft T1@ and its ratchet wheel T11) are shown twice in the upperleft hand corner of Figure 1, being shown once in connection with contacts t1, t2, etc., and being shown again in connection with this magnet T10; this is for convenience in illustration.

The translator T1 comprises, besides the contacts 1511-255, a further contact t, which latter contact. when the instrument is at rest, is closed; the contacts lil-t5 inclusive, being open. when the instrument is at rest. The cam shaft T1a comprises six cams, one corresponding to each of the said six contacts, these cams being spaced angularly about the shaft.. so that as that shaft ro-` tates, contact #1 is rst broken, and then contacts iff-'f5 are completed and then broken, successively. Contact te being finally closed just before the cam shaft T1a comes to rest at the end of the cycle of operations, The said shaft T1a carries. besides the six cams corresponding to contacts t1- t, a further cam T1f for actuating a contact T19 in a local magnet circuit 4 of a relay T1R. This circuit 4 is closed the instant cam shaft T1@ starts to rotate from its rest position. The function of the circuit 4 and contact T157 will be explained hereafter. ,Y

' It. will be understood by those skilled in the art, that the brushes of the distributor D2 rotate in synchronism with the brushes of a similar distributor (not shown) at the distant end of line L; thatat the time when brushes BB1 are passing over the segments of ring 'S1 corresponding to relays R1-R5 inclusive, a corresponding series of segments of a transmitting ring of a distant distributor are. being connected successively, to Ithe contacts of a transmitter. The signals of the Baudot systemv consist each of five impulses` some of which impulses are positive and others negative; the various permutations required to make up the various signals of the alphabet being obtained by varying the polarity of the pulses. It may be understood that the relays RLRS inclusive are to respond to pulses of one polarity only, (for example, positive pulses.) transmitted through line L. That is to say, if the first, third and fifth impulses of a character so transmitted are positive and the second and fourth negative` only relays R1 R3, and R5 will be operated, and therefore only contacts m. rc and re of series raz-re Will be closed; and, by the closing of such contacts circuit paths will have been completed from source 3 to contacts t1, t1 and 255 of translator T1.

n other words, at each revolution of brushes BH1 a series of contacts is set up in relays R1-R5, which contacts are in series circuit with corresponding contacts of series 151-155 of the transmitting translator T1.

An instant after such contacts are so set up in the relays RMR, brush BH1 connects ring HG2 with a segment of ring S2, thereby completing a circuit form a source 5 through rings RGZ and S2 and a conductor (i to the magnet coil of a relay 7. and thence to return. Thereby both armatures 8 and 9. of'that relay, areattracted. For the present ive are interested only in Athe attraction of armature 8. This armature. when so attracted, makes contact with the corresponding front stop of the relay. closing a circuit path from a source 10 to the contact t of translator T1 and thence through armature and back contact of relay T1R and conductor 11 to Contact springs 12 and 13 (which are then in contact) and thence through the ratchet magnet T10 of translator T1 to return at 14. Thereby the magnet T10 is energized, advancing the ratchet wheel T1a through the space of one tooth and in so doing moving cam T1f so as to permit contact T1() to close.

The current impulse thus transmitted by r lays 7 through contact t and the magnet 1c is the starting pulse. The instant contact T10 is closed. a circuit path is closed from source 15 through coil 16 ot' relay TlR, and conductor 4 to return at 1T. whereby the armature of relay T1R breaks the circuit of conductor 11 through i which magnet T10 was energized by the starting pulse, as just explained; but so long as contact T19' remains closed, there is a circuit path from source 15 through coil 16, conductor 4 and contact T1g to spring 12, and thence through spring. 13 (when in contact with spring 12) to magnet T10 and thence to return at la. Contact springs 12 and 13' are separated by the action of armature T1d when that armature nears the pole of its magnet T10, and are brought in Contact again when such armature retracts. We have here. therefore, the action of the familiar vibrator, whereby magnet T10 is alternately energized and deenergized; and a condenser 18 and inductive resistance 19 time or tune7 the circuit ot magnet T10' so as to regulate as desired the rate ofvibration of armature T1d.

By the valternate magnetization and demagnetization of magnet T10 and consequent attraction and retraction of its armature, the ratchet Wheel T15 is rotated step-bystep. and thereby the contacts t1, t2. etc., of the translator are closed in succession. and then each are broken, before the next contact is closed, until, after contact t5 has been closed and then broken, Contact t is closed; whereupon cam T1]c opens contact T157, breaking the circuit of magnet T10 and so stopping the lll() having also artificial lines La and Lb, also passing through magnets of said polar relays PR and PR1; in other words, the line L is duplexed between relays PR and PR-1; the reason for which will be explained hereafter. Line L extends to return through the armature and back contacts of a relay Q4 to be referred to hereinafter. When, as a result of the energization of the magnet relay Q1, a signal is transmitted through line L, relay PR1 is operated, but relay PR is not operated, as will be understood by those familiar with the principles of the polar duplex; and thereby a circuit (normally complete from a source 21 through the armature of relay PE1 and through the magnet coils of relays Q2 and Q2 to return) is broken, whereby the two armatures. 22 and 23, of'relay Q2 are retracted, as is the armature of relay Q' 2. At present we are interested only in armature This armature, when retracted, closes a circuit from a source 24 through the bac-k contact corresponding to such armature and t-he armature and the back contact of a relay T21', and the conductor 25, to contact springs 26 and 27 (then in contact with each other) and the coil of magnet T20 to return at 28. This magnet T20 is the rotor magnet of a Second translator T2; and the contact springs 26 and 27, correspond to the contact springs 12 and 13 of the translator T1. Ttis unnecessary, therefore, to describe the operation of this translator T2 for obviously it operates in the same manner as the trans.- lator T1, and in its operation, rotates a cam shaft T2a clos'ng contacts t1-t", in succession.

Assuming, as may properly be done, that the two translators T1 and T2 operate in unison, any telegraph character transmitted, as above described, through translator T1 and relay Q1, will be transmitted to translator T2 (which translator T2, it will be understood. is located at the branch oice or subscribers station). The contacts :t1-t5 of translator T2 control printer-selecting relays R6-R10 respectively, which relays in. turn control selecting magnets 29-33 respectively; while the sixth contact t8, et translator T2, controls a relay 3e controlling the printing magnet 35 of the automatic printer of which magnets 29-38 control selecting mechanism. Tt will be apparent that upon the transmission of each marking pulse transmitted through the line L', the magnet of relay Q2 will be deenergized and a current pulse transmitted through that contact of series lil-t5 of translator T2 which is closed at the instant, to the magnet of the corresponding selecting relay of series Rfk-R1 and thence to return. I have not thought it necessary to show the mechanism of the prnter, as various automatic printers arranged to be controlled by a series of five selecting magnets, and to be operated through the energization of a printer magnet, are well known. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, by the means so` far described, a telegraphic character transmitted from translator T1 to translator T2 will cause the printing of such character by the printer represented in the accompanying drawings by the magnets 29-33 inclusive, and the printer magnet 35.

As will be noted. the printer relays Tte-R10 are self-locking, in the same sense as are the relays R1-R5 associated with distributor D2. y

Relay Q2 also controls, by its armature 23, a transmitting translator T3 at the lsaid branch oilice or subscriber station, at which translator T2 is located. When the magnet of relay Q2 is deenergized, as above stated, as a result of transmission of a signal pulse through line L', the armature 23 of this relay Q2. being retracted, makes contact with its back contact stop, thereby completing a circuit from a source 36 through the mag net of a relay Q3 and thence through a conductor 37 the said armature 23 and its corresponding back contact and a conductor 38, to the contact t (then closed) of translator Ta and a conductor 39, the armature and back contact of a relay TBR, and contact springs 40 and 41 (then in contact with each other) and the rotor magnet T30 of the translator T3, to return at 42. The mechanism of this translator is precisely similar to that of the translator T1, and therefore it will be apparent that the starting pulse thus transmitted from armature 23 of relay Q2, will start translator T3 in operation, and will cause the immediate opening of contacty t6 of that translator, followed by the successive closing and opening of contacts t1-t5 of that translator T3 and finally by the closing of contact t of that translator, the opening of Contact Tag, and the consequent stopping of the operation of that translator.

A. designates a perorated-tape-controlled automatic transmitter located at the branch or subscribers station. The illustration of such transmitter contained in Figure 1b is intended to be diagrammatic only and not to illustrate actual details ot construction, and as man such pertorated-tape-controlled transmitters which are adaptable for use in the present system, are known, it

suices to say at present that this transmittel: comprises an operating magnet M and a series of feelers F adapted to engage corresponding holesin the perforated-tape strip G, together with contacts f-f3, one or more of which will be closed, selectively, for the sending of each telegraph character, upon the Vdeenergizaton of magnet M; the particular contact or contacts fl-'fs which are so closed being determined b" the perforated tape. Contacts fl-ft so closed complete circuit paths from a source 43 to contacts t1-t3 respectively of translator T3.

At the time the translator T3 is started in operation by a starting pulse sent, as eviously described, from relay Q3, it may assumed that a character-combination of the series of contacts fl-f, has already been set up in the transmitter A. Therefore, as the translator T3 operates, it is apparent that this transmitter will operate, through circuit conductor 44, relay Q4, which relay therefore will transmit the same character through line L to relay PR at' the main station, which relay will repeat such character through conductor 45 and relav Q3,into translator Tt, located at the main oce. When, upon the, completion of the transmission of the character, translator T3 at the branch ofiice stops its operation, and its contact T3g is broken, the magnet of relay Q3 is deenergized and its armature is retracted, whereby a circuit is completed from 46 through condenser K and the back contact of relay Q3 and through conductor 47 and the magnet M of the transmitter A, to return; whereby that magnet, being energized by discharge of the condenser, operates means causing feeding forward the tape Gr another space, so permitting the selection of another combination of the contacts ot the series tjl-f" preparatory to a further operation o the translator T3. The condenser K char s, during the period of energization of t e magnet of relay Q, from a source 48. This condenser is .employed, both to insure a strong action of the magnet M, and also to insure that only7 a brief current shall pass through the magnet M; in edect, the circuit of conductor 47. is opened atvthe condenser, at the concluslon of the discharge of such condenser, andremains open until the next discharge of the condenser.

For further explanation of the construction and operation ot the articular transmitter A indicated in the rawings, I refer to the above mentioned Yorke-Benjamin Patent No. 1,298,622, or to .my Patent No.

1,298,440 dated March 25, 1919. It willy be seen that this transmitter A performs with respect to the translator T3, the same function as is performed with respect to translator T1 by relays R1- When relay Q27 operates to start translator T3 in operation, not only is the startin pulse transmitted through contact t o translator T3 to the ratchet magnet T30 of that translator, but also a current pulse is transmitted through contact t and conductor 44 to the magnet of relay Q, which relay then transmits a starting pulse through line L to relay PR. which relay, being thereby operated, breaks the circuit through conductor 45, deencrgizing relay Q5, and closing a circuit from a source of current supply through the armature 51 and back Contact of relay Q3, conductor 52, and the armature and back contact of relay TR to contact springs 53 and 54, then lin contact, and thence through the ratchet niagnet Tte of translator T4 to return at 55; whereby translator T* is started in operation, just'as the other translators of the system are started in operation as previously described. Translator Tt being thus started inloperation simultaneously with the starting of translator T 3, and being regulated to run at the same speed as translator T3, will naturally operate 1n synchronism therewith. When so started in operation, it will first close its contact t, and will then close the other contacts of its series tl-t, in succession, and concurrently with the closing of contacts lf3-t3, respectively, of translator T3.

As previously ex lained, each row ot perforations of tape r, when over the row of feelers F of transmitter A, sets up a particular combination of the contacts fl- 5 of that transmitter upon the deenergization orf the magnet M of that transmitter; that is to say, one or more of the contacts fl-f, are closed. When one of the contacts 151-3 of translator T3, which corresponds to and is in series circuit with a closed contact of series fL-f of the transmitter A, is closed, circuit is completed from source 43 through that closed contact of series fl-f of transmitter A, and the corresponding closed contact of series t1-t5 of translator T3, through conductor 44 and the magnet of relay Qt; whereby that relay is again operated and caused to transmit a current pulse through line L to relay PR; and this latter relay being then operated, vagain breaks the circuit through conductor 45 again deenergizing relay Q", and causes the second armature 56 to drop back, thus closing circuit from a source 57 through that armature and its back contact to the contact of series tl-t" of translator T4 corresponding to the contact of series tl-tf of translator T3 closed at that instant (such contact of translator T4 being also closed at the instant); thereby energizing a corresponding relay magnet of the series of relays R11-R13 respectively. (Armature 56 of relay Q, of course, Jfalls back when the magnet of that relay is dcencrgizcd upon the sending of a starting signal by relay PR as previously described;

but at the time of the sending of the start'- ing signal, the falling back of the armature 56 is not effective upon the contacts lil-t5 of translator T, because none of'the contacts of that series are then closed.) Relays R11-R15 are self locking relays in the same sense as relays Rl-R inclusive, and theirl contacts lla-Re, respectively, are connected to corresponding segments of ring S3 of distributer D2.

It will be apparent that by each cycle of operations of transmitter A and translators Ttx and T 4, a combination of contacts, of relays R11-R15, is set up, corresponding to the perforations in the particular row of the transmitter tape which has set up a. combination of contacts in transmitter A. When, as the brush BB3 passes over the segments of rings Sa which are connected to the contacts of series Rat-Re of relays R11-R15, that brush passes over segments which are connected to closed contacts of such series Rai-Re, a current pulse will be transmitted in the line L and thence to the distant station.

Shortly after the conclusion of the reception of a telegraph character from line L throughfrelay ML and segments of ring S1, brush BR2 contacts with a segment of ring S2 and completes a circuit through conductor 49 and relay Rm thereby breaking the circuit through armature m and conductor 2, and permitting restoration of the amature rl-/f' of relays R1-R5,to normal; i. e., clearing said relays. Upon the energization of the' magnet of relay 7, immediatelyfollowing the passage of the brush BRl over the groups of segments of ring S1 corresponding to relays Rl-R, a circuit from the armature of relay 7 through conductor 50 is broken, whereby the armatures of relays R11-R15 are permitted to retract or return to normal, thus clearing that bank of relays. When printing magnet 35 is energized, it opens a Contact. 51 in the locking circuit of relays lie-R10 inclusive, thereby clearing that bank of relays.

For the purposes of the following claims it may be considered that relays RLR inclusive, Rm and 7 are a part of distributer D2; that relays TlR and Q1 are a part of the translator T1; that relays TzR, Q2 and Q72 and R13-R10 inclusive, and 34, are part of the translator T2; that relays TSR, Q3 and Q* are part of the translator T3; and the relays Q5, T4R and R11-R1 are part of the translator T4.

For convenience, in certain of the following claims, translators T2 and T3 are referred to as distant translators, or 'translators located at a distant point, and translators T1 and T* as home translators.

Obviously, instead of duplexing the extension conductor L', separate outgoing and return extension conductors may be employed. This is illustrated in Figure 2, wherein, for simplicity only the instruments directly connected with the incoming and outgoing extension lines L and L are illustrated; similar reference characters to those employed in Figures la and 1" being employed in Figure 2, so that the connection between Figure 2 and Figures l and 1b is apparent.

The translators shown in this application are of the step-by-step or vibrating type, this type of translator having special advantages. However, other types of translators may be employed, and in my prior Patent No. 1,370,402, I have shown translators of the sunflower type, in lieu of the vibrating translators shown herein.

In referring hereinabove to the Baudot system, and tothe Baudot {ive-unit code, I do not intend to limit my invention to use with a Baudot s stem, or qBaudot a paratus, or to use with a audot code. My invention is suitable for use in connection with any system or apparatus employing a code having the same number of current im ulses for each character; for example, wit systems the characters of which, or some of them, are made up of positive, negative and no-current units.

1. In an automatictelegraph system, the combination with a continuousl operating synchronous distributer adapte to receive main line signals, of extension circuit means, transmittin lmeans therefor controlled by such distriuter and adapted to transmit telegraphic signals `received therethrough, but non-synchronous with respect to said distributor, receiving means connected to such extension circuit 4means and operated by signals transmitted therethrough, and other transmitting means and actuating mechanism therefor likewise controlled by said distributer for a start impulsel and thereafter free from all control of said re ,ceiving means and adapted for transmitting,

through such extension circuit means, into said distributer and thence into a main line. 2. In an automatic telegraph system, the combination with a continuously operating, synchronous main line distributer, of extension circuit means extending to a distant point, means operated by such distributer for repeating into suchr extension circuit means, receiving means at the distant point arranged to receive signals so re eated, transmitting means at the distant point arranged to transmit through such extension circuit means, a receiving translator in connection with such distributer but non-synchronous with respect thereto and arran to receive signals lso transmitted from the distant point, said transmitting means and said receiving translator being each rovided with actuating mechanism, contro ed meines by said distribnter "for a start impulse and thereafter each free from all control of the other and ofsaid extension circuit receiving means, and a ba or relays having contacts connected to segments of a traittin ring of suoli distributer, the m ets of said' re lays controlled by said receiving translator.

3. lln an automatic telegraph system, the combination with a continuously operating, synchronous main line distributer, of' entension circuit means extending to a distant point., means operated by such distributer for repeating Ainto such extension circuit means, receivmg means at the distant point arranged to receive signals so repeated, transmitting means at the distant point comprising a restarting translator, such transmitting means and translator arranged to transmit throughk such extension circuit 20 means, and repeating means arred to receive signals so transmitted from the 'distant point and to repeat them into said main line distributer, and comprising a receiving translator and actuating means therefor controlled by said distributer for a start impulse and thereafter free from all control of said distributer-operating means, and mes controlled by said receiving translator for setting up contact combinations corresponding to the signals received, said distributer comprising means controlling the time of transmission into it from the contactcombinations so set up.

in testimony whereof ll have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

@EGBGB R. BENJAMKN. Witnesses:

lll-ll. M. Mairena, PAUL H. Hamann. 

